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The assessment of cardiac symptoms was the most common referral reason for echocardiography in 115 patients (43.4%). In the remainders (13.6%), myxomas were incidentally detected by computed tomography which were performed for the evaluation symptoms (cardiac or noncardiac) or for health screening. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was the initial diagnostic method in 229 patients (86.4%). The mean age was 61☑6 years (median, 64 range, 4–96 years) and 169 patients (63.8%) were female.
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In the cases of tumors in other sites rather than left atrium (LA), the investigators classified tumor mobility into one of 3 categories at the investigator's own discretion.Ĭlinical characteristics of study populationĪ total of 265 consecutive patients with echocardiographic diagnosis of cardiac myxomas were enrolled ( Figure 1). Highly mobile tumors were defined as the tumors that prolapse across the mitral annular plane during cardiac cycle. Tumors without movement along the cardiac cycle were classified as non-mobile and those with movement along the cardiac cycle but not across the mitral annular plane for left atrial tumors were as half-mobile. Mobility was arbitrarily divided as non-mobile, half-mobile and highly mobile. The presence of MV obstruction was assessed by the application of continuous wave Doppler on the apical 4-chamber view in the same manner as the evaluation of mitral stenosis in non-tumor cases. broad base), presence of mitral valve (MV) obstruction, calcification and necrosis. prolapsing), presence of pedicle (narrow stalk vs. Characteristics of the myxomas were classified as follows: irregularity of the surface (smooth vs. Tumor size was measured by width and height based on the attachment site. The investigators (Lee SH, Park JH, Cho JY and Chin JY) of each hospital who were blinded to patients' final pathological diagnosis reanalyzed echocardiographic data of the cardiac tumors.
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We evaluated clinical and echocardiographic findings in patients with cardiac tumors suggesting cardiac myxoma and compared these characteristics of non-myxoma tumors with myxoma.Įchocardiographic analysis for tumor characteristics 5) In recent years, the number of asymptomatic patients diagnosed as myxomas can increase as cardiac imaging studies are frequently performed as a health screening. However, diagnosis of the tumor depends on the pathologic findings and cardiac myxoma is known to be identified in about 70% of the operated cases with primary cardiac and pericardial tumors. 3), 4) Echocardiography is the most commonly used imaging modality to identify the presence of cardiac masses and to characterize the tumor. These clinical manifestations depend on characteristics of the tumors including size, location, mobility and the surface. 1), 2) Although it can cause valvular heart disease-like heart failure, constitutional symptoms and embolic complications, the diagnosis is often challenging because of its heterogeneous clinical features.
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Cardiac myxoma is the most frequent benign cardiac tumor which accounts for about 50% to 80% of primary cardiac tumors.